Composition And Application of Piston Compressor Packing

Composition and application of piston compressor packing

The packing of the piston compressor is a crucial sealing component in the compressor, which can effectively prevent gas leakage and ensure the normal operation of the compressor. The following is a detailed introduction to the composition, working principle, application scenarios, and maintenance of piston compressor packing.

1.Composition of fillers

The packing of a piston compressor is mainly composed of multiple sealing element components, which usually include sealing rings, flow blocking rings, spring clamping devices, etc. The structure and material of the filler may vary depending on different pressure levels and application scenarios.

1.1Sealing element components

3、 6 flap sealing element assembly: consisting of two packing sealing elements in a group, with three flaps facing the cylinder side and six flaps facing away from the cylinder side. The outer ring of each packing is wrapped with a clamping spring, which can automatically compensate for wear.

Single ring, bow shaped small cap ring sealing component: This component designs a three valve ring as a single ring and a six valve ring as a ring with bow shaped small cap, reducing the number of incisions and improving sealing performance and service life.

Sealing component assembly with added flow blocking ring on low pressure side: On the basis of single ring and bow shaped small cap ring, a flow blocking ring is added on low pressure side for high pressure packing sealing. The blocking ring adopts a dual ring design and is made of copper based or iron-based composite materials.

1.2Other Components

Packing box and guide sleeve: The packing box is used to install sealing components, while the packing guide sleeve is used to guide the piston rod, but its guiding effect is limited in practical applications.

Spring clamping device: The clamping spring on the outer ring of the sealing ring can automatically compensate after wear, ensuring that the sealing element is always tightly attached to the piston rod.

2.Working principle of fillers

The packing achieves gas sealing through the self sealing effect of the sealing element. The outer ring of the sealing ring is tightened by the spring and the pressure inside the cylinder, which work together to tightly fit the sealing element against the piston rod and packing box, thereby preventing gas leakage. For example, the radial notches of the three valve ring and the six valve ring are staggered, which can effectively prevent gas leakage along the axial and radial directions.

3. Application scenarios of fillers

3.1Oil free lubricating packing

Oil free lubricating fillers are widely used in scenarios that require high gas cleanliness, such as the food and pharmaceutical industries. Its sealing components are made of self-lubricating materials, such as filled with polytetrafluoroethylene (CFRP), and do not require oil lubrication. The advantage of this packing is that it can avoid gas pollution caused by lubricating oil and has a longer service life.

3.2Oil lubricated packing

Oil lubricated packing is suitable for high-pressure, high-temperature, or high load working conditions. Its sealing components are usually made of copper based or iron-based composite materials, and friction and wear are reduced by lubricating oil.

4. Maintenance and upkeep of fillers

4.1Installation and disassembly

When installing the packing, it is necessary to ensure that the sealing element components have sufficient axial clearance in the packing box to prevent jamming caused by thermal expansion. When disassembling the packing, it is necessary to check whether the lubricating oil circuit is clean to avoid impurities entering the packing box.

4.2Common faults and troubleshooting

The reasons for seal failure may include incorrect installation sequence of sealing rings, insufficient tightening force of spring clamps, insufficient lubricating oil, or poor cooling water. Regularly check the wear of the packing and replace severely worn sealing components in a timely manner.

4.3New Technology Application

With the development of technology, new types of filler materials and structures continue to emerge. For example, the dual ring flow blocking ring design can effectively prevent cold flow deformation caused by filling polytetrafluoroethylene, while reducing friction on the piston rod.

The packing of the piston compressor is a key component in the operation of the compressor, and its sealing performance directly affects the safety and efficiency of the equipment. By selecting packing materials reasonably, optimizing structural design, and strengthening maintenance, the service life of the packing can be effectively extended to ensure the stable operation of the compressor.